These last few posts have been like a foreign language to me. Discourages me from playing every time.
These are thing that you will learn while playing the game, but there it goes:
Primes are generally improved variants of the regular gear. There's the braton and the braton prime, the burston and the burston prime and so on. There's also some Prime warframes like Mag Prime, Ember Prime, etc.
You acquire Prime gear doing Tower/Void missions. On top of being improved, they're also swaggier, with gold accents and sometimes moving parts, etc. So they're desirable.
Weapons and Warframes cap at rank 30 and you get 1 point to spend in mods per rank, so the top is 30. But some special items called catalysts and reactors (known as potatos) double that capacity. If you potato a weapon or warframe, you have 60 points for mods.
Formas are another tool to fit even more mod points into your gear. You might have noticed there's a symbol on the top right of the mods you have, one looks like a V, another like a D, another like a dash, etc. That's called the polarity of a mod. Well, slots in warframes and weapons also can have a polarity. All warframes come at least with 4 slots with a = polarity, that's the polarity only warframe powers have. Well, if the mod and the slot you put it in have the same polarity, the cost of that mod is halved. Serration has a V polarity and maxed costs 14 points. If you drop it on a slot that has a V, it will cost 7 instead. If a slot has no polarity the mod will cost what it says on the card and if you drop a mod on a slot with a different polarity, let's say a = mod into a - slot there's a penalty and the cost of the mod is increased.
Formas allow you to customize the polarity of a slot.
Generally speaking to fit a full suite of maxed out mods you need both a potato and some formas.
Power Throw is a mod that drops in the Void that can only be used on throwing weapons and that since couple matches ago has an additional effect, it causes an explosion in the last bounce. Throwable weapons generally bounce several times before returning to your hand. The glaive (and it's prime variant) are throwable weapons.
Gleaming Talon is a stance. You might have noticed that your melee weapon has a 9th mod slot. That's the stance slot, you can only have one stance in a weapon at a time since you can only fit stances in that slot. Equipping stances allows you to perform some combos, a bit like Devil May Cry. Gleaming Talon is the stance for throwable weapons like the glaive, and well, it's quite a bit rare.
A pug is a pick up group, a random group you join. Marked refers to being marked by a hunter. There's 3 hunters in this game that if you are marked have a chance to spawn during a mission and will attack you.The Grustrag Three (G3) are one of those hunters, they're a team of elite grineer. They're quite tough and if they kill you there's the possibility that they will install a restraining bolt to the frame you were using at the time. This bolt halves the damage you do against grineer so it is very desirable to get rid of it. The problem is, in order to remove it you need to craft using the foundry a piece of gear that requires very rare components which you need to craft other stuff like weapons, potatos or formas.